Rural LWM Rural LWM

Liquid Waste Management

Comprehensive guidance for planning, designing, and implementing LWM systems in rural India.

Rural LWM Explore the 5 Stages
Rural liquid waste management illustration

The Challenge

Rural areas in India face significant challenges in managing liquid waste due to inadequate infrastructure, limited technical capacity, and insufficient financial resources.

Unmanaged greywater and faecal sludge often lead to water contamination, unhygienic conditions, and environmental degradation.

The 5 Stages

A systematic approach for local governments to plan and implement Liquid Waste Management projects.

01

Develop LWM Plan & Technical Strategy

The first stage focuses on establishing a solid foundation through baseline data collection, stakeholder engagement, and the formulation of a technical strategy tailored to local conditions.

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Baseline & Data Collection

  • Stakeholder Mapping
  • Primary Survey – Reconnaissance
  • Flow Measurement in Drains
  • Used Water Quality Analysis

Strategy Formulation

  • Identification of Problems/Challenges
  • Typologies of Greywater and Toilets
  • Formulation of Technical Strategies
  • Decision Matrix
02

State-Specific Survey Tool & Survey

This stage focuses on developing a comprehensive and standardized survey tool using the KoBo Collect App, along with training programs for master trainers and enumerators to ensure uniform data collection across the state.

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Survey App Development

  • Development of Customised Survey App
  • 4 Steps to Conduct LWM Survey

Master Trainer Training

Enumerator Training

03

Village Action Plan (VAP) Development

This stage covers the state-wide rollout of the LWM survey, continuous data monitoring and cleaning, and the generation of detailed Village Action Plans with specific Drain End Point solutions for each village.

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Survey Rollout

  • Village Assignment & Coverage
  • Field Monitoring & Progress Tracking
  • Coordination with Gram Panchayats

Data Monitoring & Cleaning

  • Dashboard Review & Validation
  • Error Correction & Re-verification

VAP Generation

  • DEP Solution Design
  • Cost Estimation
  • Geo-location & Documentation
04

Standard Drawings & Estimates

This stage covers the preparation of standard design drawings and cost estimates for all LWM solutions, along with capacity building of engineers for site-specific design adaptation.

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Standard Drawings & Estimates

  • On-site Sanitation Systems (Soak Pits & Leach Pits)
  • Nature-Based Solutions (DEWATS & WSP)

Engineer Capacity Building

  • Design Interpretation & Customization
  • Site-Specific Adaptation
05

Budget Allocation & Implementation

The final stage involves engaging with the State Mission for budget allocation, securing funding approval through various government schemes, and providing technical assistance during implementation.

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Engagement with State Mission

Funding Approval

  • MGNREGA
  • SBM(G)
  • 15th Finance Commission

Assistance in Implementation

  • Design Adaptation & Site Layout
  • Quality Assurance & Supervision
  • Technical Challenge Resolution

About

In collaboration with the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS) and various state governments, WASH Institute supports the development and implementation of scalable LWM approaches.

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